One of the dangerous COMPLICATIONS of CATARACT EXTRACTIONS is vitreous loss. The purpose of this stuy is to evaluate the incidence of vitreous loss and its sepuale while teaching residents at Rasoul Akram Hospital in Iran. This study has been conducted on existing records of 730 eyes which were subjectd to extracapsular CATARACT EXTRACTIONS by 3rd and 4th year, right handed resident of Rasoul Akram hospital. The information was taken from the records of patients who had vitreous loss during CATARACT surgery and the following data was extracted. The presence of any systemic diseases, phase of operation where vitreous loss occurred, vision on the next day, one month and 3 months later, the cause of low vision and any post operative sequale of the eye were evaluated. Extracted data collected and the prevalence of vitreous loss and its sequale were indentified and presented. Forty-nine eyes (6.7%) had vitreous loss, thirty-one of them were in the left eye (63.3%) and eighteen of them were in the right eye (36.7%). Regarding the stage of operation in which vitrous loss had occurred: twenty –eight eyes while nucleous delivery (57.7%) eighteen eyes during aspiration of cortical material (36.7%) and in three cases during IOL implantation. Five eyes had pseudoexfoliaton syndrome, four patients were diabetic and three had high myopia. Post operational sequale of these 49 eyes were: thirty-five with transient corneal edema (71.4%). Nine with misshaped pupils (18.9%), four with high astigmatism (8.1%), tow with cystoid macular edema (4%), two with retinal detachment (4%) and seven with cloudy vitreous. (14.3%). The incidence of vitreous loss is more than expected. More extensive research to evaluated the prognositc factors according to the eye (OD/OS) and the stage of the operation the leads to vitreous loss and to decrease its incidence is still needed.

Purpose: To determine the incidence and determinants of intraoperative COMPLICATIONS of CATARACT surgeries performed in Iran during 2000 to 2005Methods: The Iranian CATARACT Surgery Survey (ICSS) is a retrospective study in which random sampling was done from selected centers. One week per season between 2000 and 2005 was assigned to each center and records of CATARACT surgeries performed during these weeks were studied to determine the type of surgery, the type of CATARACT, and intraoperative COMPLICATIONS.Results: A total of 13, 409 records of CATARACT surgery were reviewed. The rate of intraoperative COMPLICATIONS was 3.03% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5-3.5%]. Intraoperative COMPLICATIONS were not significantly correlated with age or gender. The most common complication was posterior capsule rupture (PCR) with a rate of 2.82% (95% CI: 2.2-3.4%) followed by vitreous loss (2.76%; 95% CI: 2.2-3.32%). Subconjunctival hemorrhage and nucleus drop into the vitreous occurred in 0.21% and 0.01% of surgeries, respectively. The risk of intraoperative COMPLICATIONS was highest with intracapsular CATARACT surgery (36.17%) and lowest with phacoemulsification (2.29%). In terms of type of CATARACT, intraoperative COMPLICATIONS were highest with traumatic CATARACT (12.55%) and lowest with senile CATARACT (2.77%).Conclusion: Risk of intraoperative COMPLICATIONS is lowest with phacoemulsification compared to other methods of CATARACT surgery. CATARACT surgery in Iran, compared to developed countries, does not suffer much from COMPLICATIONS such as PCR and vitreous loss.

Purpose: To define the characteristics of patients who experienced postoperative uveitis following CATARACT surgery and its related morbidities. Methods: In this prospective descriptive study, 126 patients who experienced postoperative uveitis following CATARACT surgery were examined. Of them, 110 patients had follow up examinations from 3 to 30 months (mean 11.7 months). Associated systemic and ocular disorders, type of surgery, type of intraocular lens and viscoelastic, final best corrected visual acuity, and early and late morbidities were studied. Results: The patients included 64 (50.8%) males and 62 (49.2%) females aged 58±14.9years. The surgery was phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PE+PCIOL) in 72 cases (57.1%), extracapsular CATARACT extraction and PCIOL (ECCE+PCIOL) in 51 cases (40.5%), and lensectomy + PCIOL in 3 cases (2.4%). Among 110 patients who committed follow up examinations, 56 cases (51%) were female and 54 cases (49%) were male. Late COMPLICATIONS were posterior capsular opacity (PCO) in 38 cases (34.5%) and cystoid macular edema (CSME) in 4 cases (3.6%). Symptoms of uveitis occurred during 2 weeks after surgery in most of the patients (69.8%). and all patients responded well to topical or systemic steroids. Final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/30 or better in 76 cases (69%), between 20/40 and 20/80 in 24 cases (22%), and less than 20/80 in 10 cases (9%). All cases with BCVA less than 20/80 had ocular disease such as choroidal neovascularization scar or age-related macular degeneration, advanced glaucoma, or corneal opacity.Conclusion: Postoperative uveitis following CATARACT surgery has no serious late COMPLICATIONS and final corrected visual acuity of the patients is satisfactory.

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and its relation with senile CATARACTs and comparison of COMPLICATIONS of CATARACT surgery in patients with PXS and without PXS. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 1850 eyes with senile CATARACTs who had undergone extracapsular CATARACT extraction & posterior chamber intraocular lens (ECCE & PCIOL) in Alavi Eye Hospital, were evaluated for prevalence of PXS in eyes with senile CATARACTs in both males and females (uni-and bilaterality) and its preoperative and intraoperative COMPLICATIONS. Results: Of 1850 operated eyes, 422 (22.8%) eyes were affected by PXS; in 224 (53%) eyes PXS was bilateral. 247 (58.53%) patients were male and 175 (41.47%) were female. Results were as follow: pupil rigidity, 21 (5%) eyes; phacodonesis, 52 (12.4%) eyes; increased IOP, 40 (9.5%) eyes; sector iridectomy, 42 (10%) eyes; sphincterotomy, 4 (1%) eyes; and vitreus loss, 23 (5.3%) eyes. Conclusion: PXS is a common finding in patients who had undergone senile CATARACT surgery in Tabriz Alavi Eye Center and is more common in males. Preoperative and operative COMPLICATIONS, more frequently observed in eyes with PXS. Therefore, preoperative evaluation and operative considerations, are necessary for ophthalmologists.  

Background - Aim: Recently small incision CATARACT extraction with phacoemulsitication and implantation of foldable I.O.L , using new technique of topical anesthesia has evaluated to decrease cardio respiratory arrests . retrobulbar hemorrhages and globe perforation due to general anesthesia or periocular injections.Materials & Methods: In this study 3 methods of anesthesia (general, local, topical) were investigated on 92 CATARACTous eyes of patients, at Emam Hossein Medical center in 1994-1995.Results: During routine E.C.C.E, lid and globe movements, globe sensation, miosis and vitrous buldge, were more observedin topical anesthesia than other techniques, but serious COMPLICATIONS such as posterior capsule rupture and vitrous loss were not seen.Conclusion: For the sake of less systemic and local COMPLICATIONS of topical anesthesia and rapid return of vision and possibility of out patient surgery in cooperative patients without any risks, this method should be considered as an alternative technique to local and general anesthesia.

Background: CATARACT is one of the common senile diseases. Globally, it is estimated that 20 million subjects are blind due to CATARACT. Anesthesia modality in CATARACT surgery is a challenge. The present study was carried out to compare the COMPLICATIONS of local anesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine 2% with general anesthesia during CATARACT surgery.Material and methods: 55 patients undergoing CATARACT surgery were enrolled in this clinical trial. Patients were randomly divided in two groups. Receiving either focal anesthesia plus intracameral lidocaine 2% (n=28) or general anesthesia (n=27). We evaluated corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation and intraocular pressure, and followed them up for 2 months. Independent t-test and Fisher's exact Test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in corneal edema anterior chamber inflammation and intraocular pressure between two groups in 1,2,15.30 and 60 days after CATARACT surgery. These COMPLICATIONS were more common du-ring the first day following the surgery.Conclusions: Local anesthesia supplemented with intracameral lidocaine 2% was an effective and safe alternative to general anesthesia in CATARACT surgery. These two methods have similar ocular COMPLICATIONS, however systemic complication of general anesthesia limit its usage for senile patients.

Purpose: CATARACT surgery is the most common intraocular surgery performed all over the world and has advanced technically in recent years. As in all surgeries, COMPLICATIONS are unavoidable. Herein we report factors associated with COMPLICATIONS and visual outcomes of CATARACT surgery.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included data of 1, 632 CATARACT surgeries performed from 2007 to 2010 which was obtained from the CATARACT registry of the Malaysian National Eye Database. Demographic features, ocular and systemic comorbidites, grade of surgeon expertise and duration of surgery, type of anesthesia, intraoperative and postoperative COMPLICATIONS, and the type of intraocular lens were recorded.Best corrected visual acuities were compared before and after the operation.Results: Mean patient age was 66.9 years with equal gender distribution. The majority of subjects had age related CATARACTs. Phacoemulsification was done faster than other surgeries, especially by specialist surgeons. History of prior ocular surgery and operations performed under general anesthesia were associated with greater COMPLICATIONS. Phacoemulsification was associated with less COMPLICATIONS and better visual outcomes. The age and etiology of CATARACT did not affect COMPLICATIONS. Malays, absence of ocular comorbidities, left eyes and eyes operated under local anesthesia were more likely to experience more visual improvement. Gender, age, cause of CATARACT, systemic comorbidities and surgeon expertise as well as intra-and postoperative COMPLICATIONS did not affect the visual outcomes.Conclusion: Phacoemulsification had good visual outcomes in CATARACT surgery. Duration of surgery, expertise of the surgeon and COMPLICATIONS did not affect the visual outcomes.